Scholarly Paper - Healthcare Informatics Theories & Policies Essay

Scholarly Paper - Healthcare Informatics Theories & Policies - Essay Example ification (CCC), Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS), the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS), The Nursing Interventions Classifications (NIC), International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP), the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). The American Nurses Association has approved thirteen, but only ten are considered particular to nursing care. NANDA-I will be the main considered terminology in this essay. NANDA-I maintains an agreed set of diagnoses, which are then used to select appropriate nursing interventions and develop desirable patient outcomes. Its taxonomy is organized into 13 domains of nursing practice, 46 classes, and 216 diagnoses. NANDA-I has been found to be used extensively both in the United States and globally (About NANDA†, n.d.). NANDA opened up the way of diagnostic taxonomy in nursing. During the first National Conference on Classification of Nursing Diagnoses, 1973, a task force was formed. It later evolved into an incorporated Association in 1982 to help nurses who were in the United States and Canada. The work on classification was begun by Kristie Gebbie and Mary Ann Lavin, faculty at St. Louis University, by calling a classification conference. They influenced the current decisions of the identification-classification process through their belief that nurses should be involved in the development process. A diagnosis is a clinical decision about an individual’s response to real or possible health problems. It is the foundation for choosing the appropriate nursing intervention to get an outcome for, which the nurse is accountable. Gordon’s observation was of diagnosis being a model that puts a meaning on a set of observations therefore triggering understanding and thinking about the set. T his phenomenon forms the basis of every diagnostic concept of today (Speksnijder et al., 2011). Subsequent to specifying the goals of a proposed system, the identification process begins. The subject phenomena are identified. NANDA

Ethics in communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethics in communication - Essay Example The word ethics are described as fundamental will to do and or once self properly in the society. Ethics is a Greek word that means to appeal. It shows concern for honorable people with dependable personality and appropriate behavior. It plays a major role in deciding what is good and what is bad (Ward). In journalism, many ethical issues need to be followed when reporting or publishing any information. This is because any information disseminated by journalists is taken with the seriousness and weight they come with. The ramifications of this information can be dire. Journalists are guided on how to carry out themselves by a code of ethics. One of the most important ethical issues is a journalist shall desist from any information or action that may harm the reputation of the journalist or to his organization. Journalists deal a lot with information and there is need to verify information before airing or publishing it. In addition, they are supposed to carry out themselves with good conduct and in a manner to portray their professionalism. A journalist should not accept bribes or gifts to give any favors. In addition, he should not threaten anyone with the publication of damaging materials. Journalists have access to a lot of information and at times, they are bribed or they are tempted to threaten individuals with this information. Doing this will be going against code of ethics. It will undermine the quality of publications and the vows that a journalist is sworn under (journalism ethics). Ethical issues in advertising (sexism and children) Advertising is the driving force behind many businesses. They help consumers know what products are in the market. The objective of an advertisement is to wow the customer and convince the customer to buy the product. For many years, advertisements have been criticized for the way they portray the message. These critics have been because of the advertisements flaunting ethical issues. Advertising is also guided by ethics that allow fair play and creation of good advertisements (Singh, Vij). The two issues that this advertisement faults are sexism and children. Sexism is used in advertising as an attraction tool in many advertisements. This is because the female figure attracts attention (Kuluttaja). Sexism is used in advertising in many ways. One way of using sexism is showing a half naked body in an advertisement, also two people having intimate moments in an advertisemen

Economic Analysis of Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic Analysis of Pollution - Essay Example Many individuals as well as international organisations have been involved in advocating for ethical ways of conducting human activities geared towards mitigating the effects of these activities to the environment. It is important to consider the fact that, economists have also been involved in this advocacy. This paper contrasts the relative merit of taxes, legal regulatory limits and tradable emissions in controlling pollution using an economic analysis. Taxes In an economics perspective, taxes can be used as mechanisms or tools for the control of pollution. Levies known as green taxes can be imposed in an attempt to prevent and as well mitigate the consequences of pollution. These taxes can also be referred to as environmental taxes. In definition, green taxes are defined as levies and can be imposed on industries and countries or nations that produce high levels of emissions. The extent of damage to the environment is a significant factor in considering and determining the amount of levies that a country should impose. Unleaded petrol and use of vehicles amounts to the highest levels of environmental pollution hence industrialised countries generate a higher amount of revenues from taxes imposed on these commodities. Commodities that have less impact on the environment in terms of emissions generate low or decreased amounts of revenue. Emissions in terms of green taxes are easier to monitor and quantify as compared to tradable permits (Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill, 2000). Imposing green taxes in these developed and industrialised countries have significantly contributed to the decrease in the amount of emissions that leads to the warming of the environment. In the industrial sector, green taxes have focused on levies imposed based on the amount of carbon dioxide produced by a specific industry. Due to the fact that it is very hard to quantify the amount or level of carbon dioxide produced by a certain industry, estimates are used. The higher the carbon diox ide produced and released to the atmosphere, the higher the taxes. This helps in discouraging industries to use fuels that generate large volumes of gases particularly carbon dioxide and subsequently adapt cleaner sources of energy. Studies done over the recent past have indicated the fact that imposing green taxes can change consumption patterns of most commodities. Imposing high taxes on unleaded petrol force individuals to change to cleaner fuels as they attract fewer taxes. This in the long run cuts significantly the amount of dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Taxes and tradable permits have divergent merits. According to Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill (2000:7), â€Å"Taxes minimise ex-post efficiency losses if the marginal cost function is steeper than the marginal damage function, while tradable permits are better if the damage function is steeper† Tradable permits Some countries some as the US have adapted the incorporation of tradable permits in the fight against environmental pollution. In contrast to green taxes, permits do not attain better and enhanced results on pollution control as they encourage industries to connive. In general, tradable permits are used with the main objective of managing and regulating the use of substances that contribute to increase in the level of emissions in the atmosphere. It is important for countries adapting this system to ensure they assess the significance and objective of these tradable permits and the benefits they will bring to the management of the environment. Plans of actions also need to be implemented to observe and monitor these emissions to the atmosphere. Permits should not be granted in a manner that would lead to

Students With Visual Impairment - Reflection and Response Essay

Students With Visual Impairment - Reflection and Response - Essay Example The film comprises of four young characters named Chas, Meagan, Denise and Isaac whose dreams go beyond reality. While Chas and Meagan were seniors, Denise and Isaac were both freshmen at college. In this 72 minute film, the audience is transported to a totally different world of unsightly darkness. The film sheds light on the dreams and aspirations of these young people and how they strive to realize them. The film that was shot over a period of one year depicts the obstacles that come in the way of fulfilling their dreams and the positive attitude of never say die that its characters exhibit in their daily lives. A. Student Background Information Chas is an African American student whose aspiration it was to be a Rap singer, but was unfortunately afflicted with a genetic eye condition that ran in his family. However, Chas was not one to shy away from the fact that he was handicapped. On the other hand, he tried to push himself in spite of it and explored the world around him. He ma de a sincere attempt to prepare himself for the outside world. His attitude was mostly positive and he always liked to learn something new. When he was not with his studies, work or with his sweetheart Ashley, he did his best to hone his skills of emceeing as 1 to Cee (One to see) and becoming a Rap artist. In fact the title of his first Rap number is â€Å"The Eyes of me† which also happens to be the title of this documentary that enumerates the emotions, feelings and experiences of his handicap. Meagan was the other senior in Maitland’s documentary â€Å"The Eyes of Me†. The cause for her becoming blind was related to cancer of the retina at the tender age of 17 months. Meagan was devastated by the loss of her eye sight and she suffered from poor self esteem and became an introvert with practically no social life what-so-ever. Her condition was supposedly treatable, but the radiation technique that was used to remove the cancerous portions was also responsible for putting an end to her vision once and for all. However, Meagan regained her self confidence and zest for life after coming to this special school and is now well on her way to acquiring her Master’s in social work and becoming a professional counselor at a reputed hospital or school. The other two enterprising freshmen in the documentary are Denise and Isaac who are highly enthusiastic about what they want to be in life. Denise suffered from shortened nerves to the eye but tries her best to make things work to her advantage. For example, she loves acting and did just that. In the course of time she has morphed into a â€Å"Cinderella† from the withdrawn character that she was. She is seen dancing, acting, practicing and chatting as any young girl of her age would do. In the documentary we see her enthusiastically honing her acting skills and then doing her best on stage. However, Isaac was unlike the other three protagonists because he had only recently at the age of 14 lost his eye sight in an accident that served to detach his retinas. Though the shattering experience of being completely blind was something new to him, yet he never lost his self confidence at any time. In fact, he aspires to become the first blind President of the United States! B. Description of Typical Compensatory Strategies It is a

Epiphenomenalism a retrospective analysis Essay

Epiphenomenalism a retrospective analysis - Essay Example It suggests that mental events are caused by physical events in the brain, but in turn, the mental event has no effects upon the physical events. Epiphenomenalists argue that behaviour is a result of muscular activity resultant from neural impulses and that these impulses are triggered by other impulses that are inputs from the senses. Thus the mind has no role to play in human behavior. Huxley himself compared the mental events to the steam horns that are fitted on a steam locomotive. He said that they play no vital role on the functioning of the steam engine. Mental phenomena according to him cannot create anymore impact on the physical plain anymore than a shadow can create impacts on the footsteps of the person. All mental events can be broadly divided in to two categories according to their nature. The first one comprises of phenomenal experiences such as pain, qualia after images and tastes etc. The second kind of mental events comprises of occurent propositional attitudes such as beliefs and desires. Arguments on epiphenomenalism can concern both types of mental events and one cannot give solid evidence to its sanctity on both levels. The two types of mental events can be connected provided we assume that we have our qualia. Thus if we assume that pains have no physical effects, we could infer that (i) pains do not cause the belief that we are in pain and (ii) beliefs that we are in pain is epiphenomenal. Since if we believe that we are in pain and it leads us to some response (even indirectly) having an effect on the physical plane, then we would have to affirm that the whole proposition of epiphenomena is nothing but absurd because according to the theory, the feeling that we are in pain should have no consequence to events in our physical world. The logic though lies in the premise that events in the physical world have sufficient causes in the physical world and if men tal events were real and separate from physical events, then it would require a violation of physical law. The interactionist model proposed that the pineal gland undergoes changes according to mental events and brings about physical changes. But epiphenomena denies the involvement of any mental events and hence such physical changes of the pineal gland should have to be explained by events in the physical plane. It explicitly states that there will be no such change in the gland until a physical force would cause it to change. This is where epiphenomena disappoint us once more. Its rigidity and lack of accommodative capacity for new findings leave us with no option, but to sideline it and look for a better theory. Other arguments that are contrary to the standing of epiphenomena include the theory of natural selection. For that theory to stand, it should explain the development of consciousness. But a property by which a selection can occur in a species is relevant only when particular thoughts have effects upon specific behavior patterns. Therefore it is imperative that the conscious and the qualia should alter the course of behaviour in the physical world - quite contrary to what epiphenomenalism states. We all know that natural selection is a reality whether we like it or not and hence as a consequence epiphenomenalism fails to stand ground. It also contradicts the existence of other minds. But we do know that

The Economic Downturn Effects on I.T Projects in Singapore Case Study - 1

The Economic Downturn Effects on I.T Projects in Singapore - Case Study Example Beginning November 2008, global demand and investments in trade had been paralyzed and in turn had an adverse impact on several economic sectors in Singapore such as wholesale, retail, transport, and storage sectors. For instance, the manufacturing sector is estimated to have contracted by 3.7% in 2008 and is a bit better than the 5.8% contraction for the year 2007 (Bradley 2009). The services and construction sectors also registered a slower rate of growth by as much as 5.3% (the figures were an incredible 17.3% in 2007) (Bradley 2009). Laying a primary emphasis on mitigating job losses, the government of Singapore responded to the crisis by adopting several measures. Amongst them, one of the most significant initiatives implemented included a job-retraining program aimed at improving the professional skills of workers and to reduce the burden on businesses by paying for related expenses incurred over job training. In several other cases, the government also closed down several proj ects or instructed business to do so if it felt that they were to resource intensive or hampering the reversal of the crisis (include author). A broad review of related literature and news reports (include authors) suggests that the IT industry was generally favored and supported by the government during this period of economic recession and restructuring. For example, a tender to provide passive fiber grid for the next generation of the national broadband network in Singapore was awarded in September 2008. Decisions like these clearly indicate a high level of trust and commitment on the part of the Singapore government to support the IT sector and use of IT services despite and signifies the relevance of IT as an instrument for emerging out of the crisis. Further, a passive ICT infrastructure was to be implemented in Singapore by Netcom OpenNet to deliver speeds of 1Gbps and beyond. The government committed itself towards extending a grant of S$750 million to the contracted company so as to support the network implementation (James 2009) in the hope of opening up several opportunities along the way for many other I.T proj ects.

Quality Assurance Manual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quality Assurance Manual - Assignment Example This means that a nutrition care plan should be completed as soon as the patient is admitted; be continuously monitored to ensure proper implementation within 14 days of admission; review its alignment in relation to institution-wide care plan; and review the plan based on changes in the needs of the person in care. In order to achieve the best practices in nutrition care plan, reviews should include the quality of the following mandated activities: Audit is done with 10% of the charts in the facility’s medical department. Using each person’s nutrition plan, review the developed plan within 2 weeks after entrance; nutrition care revised based on the person’s requirements; nutrition care monitoring to guarantee implementation; and the endorsement of the nutrition care plan by a registered dietician amongst others (Davison & Dominik, 2009). Additionally, audit should review weight monitoring of each selected person. With the nutrition plan and weight data of a selected person, the score is provided and determined whether or not the least acceptable audit score is met. Records are kept for any identified problem and its possible causes, the remedial measures to take, and the re-audit date. The policy for menu planning is to ensure that all menus are designed to offer appetizing, meals and beverages that are nutritionally reasonable and cost effective meals for the persons in care. In order to comply with the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care legislation, menu planning should be accomplished using the best possible practices and principle(Canada, 2014). The best practices include a registered dietician approving all menus; a consultation process is used to develop and improve menus; a menu cycle is used to ensure that there is monthly reviewing for variety; all menus bring enjoyment and enhance life through liberalization; use of tools and processes to determine nutritional content in food; and specification of portion sizes in each menu cycle